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path: root/src/thread/pthread_join.c
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2019-02-15track all live threads in an AS-safe, fully-consistent linked listRich Felker-2/+7
the hard problem here is unlinking threads from a list when they exit without creating a window of inconsistency where the kernel task for a thread still exists and is still executing instructions in userspace, but is not reflected in the list. the magic solution here is getting rid of per-thread exit futex addresses (set_tid_address), and instead using the exit futex to unlock the global thread list. since pthread_join can no longer see the thread enter a detach_state of EXITED (which depended on the exit futex address pointing to the detach_state), it must now observe the unlocking of the thread list lock before it can unmap the joined thread and return. it doesn't actually have to take the lock. for this, a __tl_sync primitive is offered, with a signature that will allow it to be enhanced for quick return even under contention on the lock, if needed. for now, the exiting thread always performs a futex wake on its detach_state. a future change could optimize this out except when there is already a joiner waiting. initial/dynamic variants of detached state no longer need to be tracked separately, since the futex address is always set to the global list lock, not a thread-local address that could become invalid on detached thread exit. all detached threads, however, must perform a second sigprocmask syscall to block implementation-internal signals, since locking the thread list with them already blocked is not permissible. the arch-independent C version of __unmapself no longer needs to take a lock or setup its own futex address to release the lock, since it must necessarily be called with the thread list lock already held, guaranteeing exclusive access to the temporary stack. changes to libc.threads_minus_1 no longer need to be atomic, since they are guarded by the thread list lock. it is largely vestigial at this point, and can be replaced with a cheaper boolean indicating whether the process is multithreaded at some point in the future.
2018-09-12overhaul internally-public declarations using wrapper headersRich Felker-4/+0
commits leading up to this one have moved the vast majority of libc-internal interface declarations to appropriate internal headers, allowing them to be type-checked and setting the stage to limit their visibility. the ones that have not yet been moved are mostly namespace-protected aliases for standard/public interfaces, which exist to facilitate implementing plain C functions in terms of POSIX functionality, or C or POSIX functionality in terms of extensions that are not standardized. some don't quite fit this description, but are "internally public" interfacs between subsystems of libc. rather than create a number of newly-named headers to declare these functions, and having to add explicit include directives for them to every source file where they're needed, I have introduced a method of wrapping the corresponding public headers. parallel to the public headers in $(srcdir)/include, we now have wrappers in $(srcdir)/src/include that come earlier in the include path order. they include the public header they're wrapping, then add declarations for namespace-protected versions of the same interfaces and any "internally public" interfaces for the subsystem they correspond to. along these lines, the wrapper for features.h is now responsible for the definition of the hidden, weak, and weak_alias macros. this means source files will no longer need to include any special headers to access these features. over time, it is my expectation that the scope of what is "internally public" will expand, reducing the number of source files which need to include *_impl.h and related headers down to those which are actually implementing the corresponding subsystems, not just using them.
2018-09-12make inadvertently exposed __pthread_{timed,try}join_np functions staticRich Felker-2/+2
these exist for the sake of defining the corresponding weak public aliases (for C11 and POSIX namespace conformance reasons). they are not referenced by anything else in libc, so make them static.
2018-05-05improve joinable/detached thread state handlingRich Felker-5/+6
previously, some accesses to the detached state (from pthread_join and pthread_getattr_np) were unsynchronized; they were harmless in programs with well-defined behavior, but ugly. other accesses (in pthread_exit and pthread_detach) were synchronized by a poorly named "exitlock", with an ad-hoc trylock operation on it open-coded in pthread_detach, whose only purpose was establishing protocol for which thread is responsible for deallocation of detached-thread resources. instead, use an atomic detach_state and unify it with the futex used to wait for thread exit. this eliminates 2 members from the pthread structure, gets rid of the hackish lock usage, and makes rigorous the trap added in commit 80bf5952551c002cf12d96deb145629765272db0 for catching attempts to join detached threads. it should also make attempt to detach an already-detached thread reliably trap.
2018-05-02use a dedicated futex object for pthread_join instead of tid fieldRich Felker-3/+3
the tid field in the pthread structure is not volatile, and really shouldn't be, so as not to limit the compiler's ability to reorder, merge, or split loads in code paths that may be relevant to performance (like controlling lock ownership). however, use of objects which are not volatile or atomic with futex wait is inherently broken, since the compiler is free to transform a single load into multiple loads, thereby using a different value for the controlling expression of the loop and the value passed to the futex syscall, leading the syscall to block instead of returning. reportedly glibc's pthread_join was actually affected by an equivalent issue in glibc on s390. add a separate, dedicated join_futex object for pthread_join to use.
2017-08-11trap UB from attempts to join a detached threadRich Felker-0/+1
passing to pthread_join the id of a thread which is not joinable results in undefined behavior. in principle the check to trap does not necessarily work if pthread_detach was called after thread creation, since no effort is made here to synchronize access to t->detached, but the check is well-defined and harmless for callers which did not invoke UB, and likely to help catch erroneous code that would otherwise mysteriously hang. patch by William Pitcock.
2016-06-30pthread: implement try/timed join variantsBobby Bingham-3/+17
2015-10-15add missing memory barrier to pthread_joinBobby Bingham-0/+1
POSIX requires pthread_join to synchronize memory on success. The futex wait inside __timedwait_cp cannot handle this because it's not called in all cases. Also, in the case of a spurious wake, tid can become zero between the wake and when the joining thread checks it.
2015-03-02suppress masked cancellation in pthread_joinRich Felker-1/+5
like close, pthread_join is a resource-deallocation function which is also a cancellation point. the intent of masked cancellation mode is to exempt such functions from failure with ECANCELED.
2015-03-02fix namespace issue in pthread_join affecting thrd_joinRich Felker-1/+2
pthread_testcancel is not in the ISO C reserved namespace and thus cannot be used here. use the namespace-protected version of the function instead.
2015-03-02factor cancellation cleanup push/pop out of futex __timedwait functionRich Felker-5/+1
previously, the __timedwait function was optionally a cancellation point depending on whether it was passed a pointer to a cleaup function and context to register. as of now, only one caller actually used such a cleanup function (and it may face removal soon); most callers either passed a null pointer to disable cancellation or a dummy cleanup function. now, __timedwait is never a cancellation point, and __timedwait_cp is the cancellable version. this makes the intent of the calling code more obvious and avoids ugly dummy functions and long argument lists.
2014-09-06use weak symbols for the POSIX functions that will be used by C threadsJens Gustedt-2/+6
The intent of this is to avoid name space pollution of the C threads implementation. This has two sides to it. First we have to provide symbols that wouldn't pollute the name space for the C threads implementation. Second we have to clean up some internal uses of POSIX functions such that they don't implicitly drag in such symbols.
2014-09-05make non-waiting paths of sem_[timed]wait and pthread_join cancelableRich Felker-0/+1
per POSIX these functions are both cancellation points, so they must act on any cancellation request which is pending prior to the call. previously, only the code path where actual waiting took place could act on cancellation.
2012-11-08clean up sloppy nested inclusion from pthread_impl.hRich Felker-0/+1
this mirrors the stdio_impl.h cleanup. one header which is not strictly needed, errno.h, is left in pthread_impl.h, because since pthread functions return their error codes rather than using errno, nearly every single pthread function needs the errno constants. in a few places, rather than bringing in string.h to use memset, the memset was replaced by direct assignment. this seems to generate much better code anyway, and makes many functions which were previously non-leaf functions into leaf functions (possibly eliminating a great deal of bloat on some platforms where non-leaf functions require ugly prologue and/or epilogue).
2011-09-11fix serious bug in pthread_joinRich Felker-2/+2
on spurious wakeups/returns from __timedwait, pthread_join would "succeed" and unmap the thread's stack while it was still running. at best this would lead to SIGSEGV when the thread resumed execution, but in the worst case, the thread would later resume executing on top of another new thread's stack mapped at the same address. spent about 4 hours tracking this bug down, chasing rare difficult-to-reproduce stack corruption in a stress test program. still no idea *what* caused the spurious wakeups; i suspect it's a kernel bug.
2011-09-09fix pthread_join wait call: thread termination tid futex is not privateRich Felker-1/+1
this seeme to be the bug that prevented enabling of private futex support. i'm going to hold off on switching to private futexes until after the next release, and until i get a chance to audit all wait/wake calls to make sure they're using the correct private argument, but with this change it should be safe to enable private futex support.
2011-08-02unify and overhaul timed futex waitsRich Felker-1/+5
new features: - FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET op will be used for timed waits if available. this saves a call to clock_gettime. - error checking for the timespec struct is now inside __timedwait so it doesn't need to be duplicated everywhere. cond_timedwait still needs to duplicate it to avoid unlocking the mutex, though. - pushing and popping the cancellation handler is delegated to __timedwait, and cancellable/non-cancellable waits are unified.
2011-04-17overhaul pthread cancellationRich Felker-3/+1
this patch improves the correctness, simplicity, and size of cancellation-related code. modulo any small errors, it should now be completely conformant, safe, and resource-leak free. the notion of entering and exiting cancellation-point context has been completely eliminated and replaced with alternative syscall assembly code for cancellable syscalls. the assembly is responsible for setting up execution context information (stack pointer and address of the syscall instruction) which the cancellation signal handler can use to determine whether the interrupted code was in a cancellable state. these changes eliminate race conditions in the previous generation of cancellation handling code (whereby a cancellation request received just prior to the syscall would not be processed, leaving the syscall to block, potentially indefinitely), and remedy an issue where non-cancellable syscalls made from signal handlers became cancellable if the signal handler interrupted a cancellation point. x86_64 asm is untested and may need a second try to get it right.
2011-02-12initial check-in, version 0.5.0v0.5.0Rich Felker-0/+12